ABSTRACT
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can increase the risk of thrombosis, cardiovascular events, and kidney injury, but risks among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unknown. We aimed to characterize risk for these complications among patients with IBD who developed COVID-19. Methods We analyzed complications of COVID-19 in patients reported to the Surveillance Epidemiology of Coronavirus Under Research Exclusion in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SECURE-IBD) database prior to November 15, 2021. Our primary outcome was a composite of thrombotic complications (peripheral venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, thrombotic stroke, and peripheral arterial thrombosis), cardiovascular complications (new arrhythmia, heart failure, myocarditis/pericarditis, and vasculitis), and renal complications (acute kidney injury). Covariates included cardiovascular disease (including stroke), cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or smoking), pulmonary disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or other chronic lung disease), thrombotic risk conditions (cancer), chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, “other” comorbidities, and COVID-19 vaccination with at least one dose. Multivariable analyses assessed the independent effect of variables significant in univariate analyses. Results Among 4,923 patients reported to SECURE-IBD, 79 (1.6%) had thrombotic, cardiovascular, and/or renal complications. There were 45 (0.9%) reports of acute kidney injury, 24 (0.5%) of arrythmias, 8 (0.2%) of peripheral venous thrombosis, 5 (0.1%) each of heart failure, myocarditis/pericarditis, and pulmonary embolism, and 1 (0.02%) each of vasculitis, peripheral atrial thrombosis, and thrombotic stroke. In univariate analyses, complications were more common in patients who were older (p < 0.01), black (p < 0.01), and on corticosteroids (p < 0.01) (Table 1). Patients with severe IBD were more likely to have complications than patients in remission (p < 0.01), as were those with more comorbidities (p < 0.01). Cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, pulmonary disease, and chronic renal disease were associated with increased risk (p < 0.01 each). There was no association with vaccination status (p = 1). In multivariate analyses, age (aOR 1.04 [1.03, 1.06]), black race (aOR 4.02 [1.53, 10.55]), severe IBD (aOR 3.21 [1.31, 7.86]), corticosteroid use (aOR 3.63 [1.85, 7.12]), and one (aOR 2.33 [1.10, 4.91]), two (aOR 4.24 [1.42, 12.65]), and three or more (aOR 13.36 [3.48, 51.32]) comorbidities were significant predictors of complications (Table 2). Discussion Thrombotic, cardiovascular, and renal complications from COVID-19 were uncommon among patients with IBD. Patients with older age, black race, corticosteroid use, severe IBD, and greater number of comorbidities may require closer monitoring if they develop COVID-19. (Table Presented)
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 led to an increased rate of telehealth visits. Older adults, however, may be more vulnerable to missing appointments given cognitive, physical, and technological gaps. We looked to determine the completion rate of telehealth appointments for older adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as predictors of incomplete appointments. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients with IBD who had at least one telehealth visit at the NYU IBD Center between 3/1/2020-8/31/2021. Only the status of the first telehealth appointment was considered, with an incomplete visit defined as left before being seen, a cancellation or noshow. Medical records were parsed for relevant co-variables, and logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted association between demographic factors and telehealth appointment completion rates. Results: From 3/1/2020 to 8/31/2021 there were 2,508 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who had at least one telehealth appointment, with 1088 (43%) having Crohn's disease (CD), 1037 (41%) having ulcerative colitis (UC), and 383 (15%) with indeterminate colitis (Table 1). Of the 2,508 initial telehealth visits, 519 (21%) were not completed, including 435 (20%) among patients under the age of 60-years as compared to 84 (23%) among patients over the age of 60-years. On multivariable analysis, patients with CD had higher odds of an incomplete appointment as compared to patients with UC (adjOR 1.37, 95%CI 1.10-1.69). Additionally, females had significantly higher odds of an incomplete appointment vs. males (adjOR 1.26, 95%CI 1.04-1.54), and patients who had a non-1st degree relative listed as an emergency contact also had significantly higher odds of an incomplete appointment vs. those with a spouse listed (adjOR 1.69, 95%CI 1.16-2.44;Table 2). Age over 60-years, partnership status, and comorbidities were not associated with appointment completion rates. Among the 361 patients over the age of 60-years who had a telehealth appointment, sex, emergency contact information, IBD subtype, and partnership status were not found to be associated with odds of completing a telehealth appointment. Conclusions: In our study, older patients with IBD were not at higher risk for missed telehealth appointments as compared to younger patients. On multivariable analysis, patients with CD as compared to patients with UC, females as compared to males, and patients who had a non-1st degree relative listed as an emergency contact as compared to those who had a spouse listed were more likely to miss telehealth appointments. Future studies should explore the role of these factors, including the role of social support, in order to design interventions aimed at limiting missed telehealth appointments. (Table Presented) (Table Presented)
ABSTRACT
Objective: To examine associations between sociodemographic and mental health characteristics with household risk for food insecurity during the COVID-19 outbreak. Design: Cross-sectional online survey analysed using univariable tests and a multivariable logistic regression model. Setting: The United States during the week of 30 March 2020. Participants: A convenience sample of 1965 American adults using Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. Participants reporting household food insecurity prior to the pandemic were excluded from analyses.